More than 350 million people suffer from depression globally, the World Health Organization said, ahead of World Mental Health Day on Wednesday.
"It is not a disease of developed countries, it is a global phenomenon. It's present in both genders and in rich and poor populations," Dr Shekhar Saxena, head of the WHO's mental health and substance abuse department, told reporters in Geneva.
No region is free from the disorder and around five percent of the world's population suffers depression in the course of a year, the health expert said.
Fifty percent more women suffer symptoms than men, said Saxena, who added that post-natal depression affected one in five mothers and one in 10 of all young mothers in the developed world.
According to the UN's global health arm, depression is more than just a bout of the blues, rather a "sustained feeling of sadness for two weeks or more" which interferes with "work, school or home". At its worst, depression can lead to suicide, the WHO expert said, citing a "very clear correlation".
Nearly one million people take their lives every year and more than half of them have depression, Saxena said, although he noted that it was not the sole cause. "Depression has existed for centuries, the news is, we're not doing anything about it," said Saxena, noting that the shame associated with having the illness meant that fewer than half of those with depression received the care they need.
The figure dropped to less than 10 percent in many countries, he added. Effective treatment was available, Saxena said, but health workers needed to do more to spot the signs of depression in people who complained of
other symptoms, particularly in children as young as 12 and young adults who they did not expect to have the illness.
One of the best ways to treat depression was to talk openly about it, the WHO said, adding that medicine was not the only solution. "It should not be taken for granted that depression means taking pills," Saxena said.
Signs and Symptoms of depression
If you identify with several of the following signs and symptoms, and they just won’t go away, you may be suffering from clinical depression.
- Feelings of helplessness and hopelessness. A bleak outlook—nothing will ever get better and there’s nothing you can do to improve your situation.
- Loss of interest in daily activities. No interest in former hobbies, pastimes, social activities, or sex. You've lost your ability to feel joy and pleasure.
- Appetite or weight changes. Significant weight loss or weight gain—a change of more than 5% of body weight in a month.
- Sleep changes. Either insomnia, especially waking in the early hours of the morning, or oversleeping (also known as hyper-insomnia).
- Anger or irritability. Feeling agitated, restless, or even violent. Your tolerance level is low, your temper short, and everything and everyone gets on your nerves.
- Loss of energy. Feeling fatigued, sluggish, and physically drained. Your whole body may feel heavy, and even small tasks are exhausting or take longer to complete.
- Self-loathing. Strong feelings of worthlessness or guilt. You harshly criticize yourself for perceived faults and mistakes.
- Reckless behavior. You engage in escapist behavior such as substance abuse, compulsive gambling, reckless driving, or dangerous sports.
- Concentration problems. Trouble focusing, making decisions, or remembering things.
- Unexplained aches and pains. An increase in physical complaints such as headaches, back pain, aching muscles, and stomach pain.
Source:Health Guide
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